Prevalence of Anemia Among ESRD Patients on Hemodialysis in Dhamar, Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Keywords:
Anemia, ESRD, Heamodialysis, Yemen, Resource-limited settingAbstract
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of anemia and evaluate management gaps among End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis in Dhamar, Yemen (between May and July 2025), focusing on sociodemographic and clinical correlates
Aim
Address systemic challenges in anemia management within Yemen's resource-limited dialysis care.
Background
Anemia remains a critical complication in End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) particularly among hemodialysis patients in resource-limited settings. This study determines its prevalence, management gaps, and associated factors in Yemen's Dhamar governorate, where healthcare challenges are exacerbated by limited resources and infrastructure.
Subjects and Methods
Cross- sectional descriptive study was conducted at dialysis centers in Dhamar governorate, Yemen. The study included 130 ESRD patients with 100 meeting inclusion criteria who had been on hemodialysis for at least three months. erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) usage, iron supplementation, blood transfusion frequency, comorbidities, nutritional status, and nephrologist follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.
Results
The prevalence of anemia (HB<11 g/dL) was 86,9%, Despite MCV Normocytic (82%), microcytic (12%), macrocytic (6%) Significant MCV-Hb correlation (r=0.034). on reactive anemia management. Comorbid conditions such as hypertension and diabetes were common, and of patients were in poor nutritional condition.
Conclusion
Cross-sectional study conducted in Dhamar, Yemen, demonstrates a notably high prevalence of anemia (86.9%) among patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis. Hemoglobin levels in this population were consistently below the recommended threshold, reflecting suboptimal anemia control. Additionally, 17.5% of patients suffered from poor nutritional status, and33% lacked regular nephrologist follow-up, further worsening anemia- related outcomes.
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