Semen Parameters in Indian Men During the Preconception Period: A Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Seminal quality, sperm parameters, male fertility, pre-conception health, Indian menAbstract
Background:
Male reproductive health plays a crucial role in successful conception and healthy pregnancy outcomes. Seminal quality parameters such as sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and semen volume are key indicators of male fertility. In India, changing lifestyle and environmental factors have raised concerns regarding declining semen quality, highlighting the need for pre-conception evaluation.
Objective:
To assess seminal quality parameters in Indian men prior to conception and compare findings with World Health Organization (WHO) reference standards.
Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among Indian men attending pre-conception or fertility clinics. Semen samples were collected following WHO guidelines after 2–7 days of abstinence. Parameters assessed included semen volume, sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility, and morphology.
Results:
The majority of participants demonstrated semen parameters within WHO reference ranges. However, reduced sperm concentration and motility were observed in a significant proportion of men, particularly among those with lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and occupational heat exposure.
Conclusion:
Pre-conception assessment of seminal quality in Indian men reveals early alterations in sperm parameters that may impact fertility outcomes. Routine male reproductive screening before conception may aid in early identification and management of male-factor infertility.
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